Selectors and styling rules are essential concepts in web development and cascading style sheets (CSS). They are used to target specific HTML elements and apply styles to them, such as changing their appearance, layout, or behavior. CSS is a stylesheet language used to control the presentation of web documents, including HTML and XML documents.
Let’s delve into each concept:
Here are some common types of CSS selectors:
p
targets all <p>
paragraphs in the document..my-class
targets all elements with class="my-class"
.#my-id
targets the element with id="my-id"
.input[type="text"]
targets all text input elements.Here’s an example of a simple CSS rule:
p { color: blue; font-size: 16px; }
In this example, the selector p
targets all paragraphs, and the styling rules inside the curly braces change the text color to blue and set the font size to 16 pixels.
Multiple rules can be combined together, and styles can also be targeted using more complex selectors to achieve precise control over the appearance of web elements.
CSS can be included in an HTML document using the <style>
tag or in an external CSS file, which is then linked to the HTML document using the <link>
tag.
Here’s an example of an external CSS file:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css"> </head> <body> <p class="my-class">This is a paragraph with a class.</p> <p id="my-id">This is a paragraph with an ID.</p> </body> </html>
And the corresponding styles.css
file:
p.my-class { color: red; } p#my-id { font-weight: bold; }
In this example, we’re targeting the paragraphs with the class my-class
and the ID my-id
and applying different styles to each of them.
These are the fundamental concepts of CSS selectors and styling rules, which allow you to control the visual presentation of your web pages and create appealing and consistent designs.
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