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Structure of a Java program

A Java program is typically structured in the following way:

  1. Package Declaration (Optional):

    • You can declare a package at the beginning of your Java file to organize your classes into logical groups.
  2. Import Statements (Optional):

    • You can import other Java classes or packages that you want to use in your program.
  3. Class Declaration:

    • Every Java program consists of at least one class.
    • The class declaration is the basic structure of a Java program and contains the definition of the class.
  4. Main Method:

    • The main method is the entry point of a Java program.
    • It has the following signature: public static void main(String[] args).
    • The program execution starts from the main method.
  5. Class Body:

    • The class body contains the member variables (fields) and methods of the class.
  6. Member Variables (Fields):

    • Member variables are the variables declared within a class.
    • They represent the state or data associated with the class.
  7. Methods:

    • Methods are functions defined within a class.
    • They define the behavior of the class and perform various operations.
  8. Statements and Expressions:

    • Java programs consist of statements and expressions.
    • Statements are individual program instructions, and expressions produce values.

Here’s an example illustrating the basic structure of a Java program:

package com.example;

import java.util.*;

public class MyClass {
    private int myVariable;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyClass myObject = new MyClass();
        myObject.myMethod();
    }

    public void myMethod() {
        myVariable = 10;
        System.out.println("Value of myVariable: " + myVariable);
    }
}

In the above example, we have a class called MyClass with a member variable myVariable, a main method as the entry point of the program, and another method myMethod that sets the value of myVariable and prints it to the console.

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